Scraper bowl



J. MAZZARINS Oct. 9, 1962 SCRAPER BOWL 5 Sheets-Sheetl Filed Sept. 21, 1959 3 I NVENTQR. a2; 77/211422? A 770mm? x v J. MAZZARINS Oct. 9, 1962 SCRAPER BOWL 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR. da 2225' 7 /0'zzaz/2zs 7" TOE/V5 Y Filed Sept. 21, 1959 Oct. 9, 1962 J. MAZZARINS 3,057,090

SCRAPER BOWL Filed Sept. 21, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I? if 4 M INVENTOR. c/zzzzis' /7/0zzaz /'?.s

ATTOE/VEY United States PatentOfifice 3,057,090 Patented Oct. 9, 1962 3,057,090 SCRAPER BOWL Janis Mazzarins, Macedonia, Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Filed Sept. 21, 1959, Ser. No. 841,269 20 Claims. ($2. 37-126) This present invention relates to a bowl construction for a digging and carrying scraper vehicle and, more particularly, to a scraper bowl having an improved ejector and operating mechanism therefor designed primarily for handling very large loads.

In relatively recent years, great strides have been made in the design, development and commercialization of large self-propelled scraper vehicles which are adapted to dig, carry or transport and dump loads quite efiiciently and economically. Such vehicles include a bowl which actually receives and transports the load, and which bowl comprises an adjustable front gate or apron and rearwardly located adjustable ejector mechanism which must cooperate eiiiciently and effectively if the scraper vehicle is to handle materials economically. More specifically, the apron and ejector components of the bowl must cooperate to insure that the bowl receives as heaped a load as possible, and that such load is dumped or spread efficiently. A scraper vehicle of this type which has enjoyed notable commercial success is disclosed in US. Patent 2,773,320 granted to E. R. Fryer et al. on December 11, 1956.

The aforementioned patent to Fryer et al. disc-loses an ejector known as the roll-out type in that it comprises a plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section to form a lower forward or bowl floor portion and a bowl rear wall portion generally upstanding therefrom. The ejector plate extends transversely between the side walls of the scraper bowl frame and has the leading edge of its lower or bowl floor portion pivo-tally connected to the bowl side walls on a fixed transverse axis adjacent the bowl cutting edge. Suitable operating mechanism is provided to selectively pivot the ejector through the bowl either forwardly to discharge a load or rearwardly to receive a load past the bowl cutting edge.

Such roll-out ejectors have certain advantages over the other equally well known push-out ejector which essentially comprises an upstanding plate extending transversely between the bowl side walls and adapted to be reciprocated relative thereto as compared to the pivoting action of a roll-out ejector. In the first instance, in ejecting a load, the operating mechanism of the roll-out ejector more easily overcomes the sizable resistance due to compression of the load in the bowl than does a push-out ejector. In view of the above, it is generally true that the operating jack or alternative operating mechanism used with the roll-out ejector may be smaller or less powerful than the corresponding mechanism used with a push-out ejector. However, care must be exercised in locating the scraper apron relative to a roll-out ejector to insure that the latter does not interfere with the raised apron during the ejection operation. It will be apparent that the problems of load compression resisting the operation of the ejector mechanism and possible interference between the roll-out ejector and a raised apron during ejection become accentuated as efforts are made to increase the capacity of the scraper bowl by elongating the latter.

It is therefore a principal object and feature of this invention to provide a relatively large capacity scraper bowl construction characterized by a novel ejector mechanism which will enable the bowl to handle large loads without requiring relatively larger ejector operating jacks or other similar operating mechanisms, and while preventing possible interference between the raised apron and ejector during load discharge.

It is yet another object and feature of this invention to provide a relatively large scraper bowl construction of the type aforedescribed which functions effectively in digging, carrying and dumping or spreading a relatively large load.

In general, these and other objects of the invention are attained in a scraper bowl construction comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, an ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section and including a forward bowl floor portion and a bowl rear portion upstanding therefrom with the ejector plate extending transversely between the bowl side walls, a cutting edge base extending transversely between the bowl side Walls and supported on the latter for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, means pivotally connecting the leading edge of the bowl floor portion to the cutting edge base, and ejector guide links connected between the bowl frame and the ejector to cause rearward reciprocation of the cutting edge base and ejector bowl floor portion while the entire ejector mechanism is being pivoted forwardly during ejection of a load, thereby actually pulling the bowl floor from beneath the load. The ejector mechanism is operated in the opposite direction to cradle a heaped load in the bowl.

The nature of the invention, and the manner in which the foregoing objects are attained, will become more apparent hereinafter as the description of the invention proceeds, and in which reference is made to the follow ing drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevation, partly in section and partly broken away, of a scraper bowl equipped wit-h a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary plan view of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a view corresponding to FIGURE 1, but showing the ejector mechanism in a full ejecting position;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary, enlarged section taken on line 44 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 5 is a side elevation of another embodiment of the invention; and

FIGURE 6 is a side elevation of yet another embodi-- ment of the invention.

For purpose of explaining the present invention, the drawings illustrate generally a scraper vehicle of the type; shown in the aforementioned Fryer et al. patent to which. reference may be made for a detailed description of such a vehicle. Suffice it to say that, with like numerals indicating the same parts in the various figures of the drawings, a typical vehicle of this type will include a prime mover 2 such as a tractor mounted on the wheels: 4 and adapted to be connected to a gooseneck or pull yoke 6 on the vertical hitch and steering axis indicated at 8. The pull yoke 6 is in the form of two rearwardly diverging rigid members 10 secured to the transversely extending torque tube 12 having at the opposite ends thereof the rearwardly extending pull arms. 14. The main bowl frame 16 includes a plurality of longitudinally extending rigid structural members as indicated at 18 adapted to be spanned and reinforced by a number of suitably located transversely extending rigid members as indicated at 26 to form a rigid frame construction. The frame includes the bowl side walls 22. which are transversely spaced from each other and extend longitudinally of the frame. The rearward portion of the bowl frame is transportable on the rearward supporting wheels 24. The rearward ends of the respective pull arms 14 are adapted to be pivotally connected to the bowl side walls on a transverse axis by means of the usual pivot connection indicated at 26.

Theapron 28 comprises a transversely extending arcuately shaped plate 30 rigidly secured at its side edges to rearwardly extending support arms 32 pivotally connected in the usual manner to the bowl side walls on a common transverse axis as indicated at 34.

The mechanisms for controlling bowl and apron elevation are mounted on the pull yoke 6, and are as shown in the aforementioned Fryer et al. patent. As such, these mechanisms comprise a pair of spaced bowl control levers 36 having the forward ends thereof suitably pivotally mounted to the pull yoke at 33 and their rearward ends pivotally connected to the upper ends of rods 4b having their lower ends pivotally connected to a transverse structural member 26 at the front of the bowl frame. The hydraulic jacks 42 control pivotal movement of the levers 36. In similar fashion, the single apron lever 4 has its forward end pivotally connected at 46 to the pull yoke, and its rearward end rotatably mounts a sheave 48 over which the apron operating cable 50 extends. One end of the cable is secured to the pull yoke as indicated at 52 while the other end is connected to the apron 28 as indicated at 54. The jack 56 controls movement of lever 44. It will be readily appreciated that the bowl jacks 44 may be actuated to control relative pivotal movement of the main bowl frame 16 relative to the pull arms 14 on the axis 26, while the apron jack 56 controls elevation of the apron about axis 34 relative to the bowl.

A longitudinally extending rail 58 is rigidly secured to the interior surface of each of the side walls 22, and each is reciprocably embraced by tracks 69 formed in the support brackets 62 for the transversely extending cutting edge base 64 to which the cutting edge 66 may be removably secured in a well known manner. A transversely extending pivot rod 68 forms a pivoted support for the forward portion of the ejector construction now to be described.

The ejector 70 is generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section to form a lower forward or bowl floor portion 72 and a bowl rear wall portion 7 4 upstanding therefrom, it being understood that the ejector extends transversely between the side walls of the bowl. The leading edge of the bowl floor portion 72 of the ejector is pivotally supported relative to the cutting edge base 64 and the bowl side walls on the pivot rod 68 as indicated at 76. An ejector guide link 78 is located on each side of the vehicle, and each link has its forward end pivotally connected to the bottom of the floor portion of the ejector on a common transverse axis as indicated at 8th, and extends rearwardly for pivotal connection to the bowl frame member 20 on the common transverse axis of support rod 82. It will be understood from FIGURE 2 of the drawings that the forward portions of each guide link extend along and inside the bowl side walls and, upon clearing the rear wall portion of the ejector, are bent laterally inwardly and extend rearwardly of the frame to the connection on the axis of rod 82. A triple stage double acting ejector operating jack 84 is pivotally connected at 86 near the upper edge of the bowl rear wall portion of the ejector and extends rearwardly and downwardly for connection to the main bowl frame on the rod 82.

Referring now to the operation of the first embodiment of the invention, FIGURE 1 illustrates the vehicle with the apron 28 raised to a cutting position a relatively slight distance from the cutting edge 66, and just prior to closing the front of the bowl to retain the heaped load indicated therein. After the bowl is closed and lifted to a carrying position, the vehicle transports the load to an area in which it is to be discharged at which time the apron operating mechanism is actuated to lift the apron to the dumping position as shown in FIGURE 3. At this time, the ejector jack 84 is extended from its fully retracted position of FIGURE 1 to the fully extended position of FIGURE 3. During this operation, the guide links 73 pivot upwardly and draw the cutting edge base 64 longitudinally rearwardly on the rails 53. Concurrently, the ejector pivots forwardly about the axis of rod 63. As a result of this concurrent rearward reciprocation of the cuting edge base and pivotal movement of the ejector plate relative thereto about the axis of the pivot shaft 68, the bowl floor portion '72 of the ejector is literally pulled from beneath the load resulting in discharge of the latter forward of the cutting edge 66. Therefore, there is very little compression of the load during discharge inasmuch as the unloading operation is effected to a great extent by the weight of the material itself. Thus, even though the bowl has a relatively g eat capacity, the ejector jack 84 may be essentially the same size as those used in smaller bowls having a conventional roll-out type ejector. Furthermore, due to the fact that the ejector has a rearward component of movement during ejection, there is no possibility of interference between the ejector and apron during the ejection action.

in loadin the bowl, the apron and bowl will be disposed in the digging position as illustrated in FlGURE 1, while the ejector will be initially positioned either in the full ejection position of FIGURE 3 or in some position intermediate this position and the rearward position of FIGURE 1. As material being cut moves past the cutting edge 66, the ejector jack 84 will be gradually retracted to pivot the ejector rearwardly and reciprocate the cutting edge forwardly thereby cradling the load rearwardly within the bowl.

in the embodiment of FlGURE 5, the ejector guide links 88 take the form of bell cranks each of which is pivotally connected intermediate its ends at 91} to the interior of bowl side walls 22 forming a part of the main bowl frame, the pivot connections f0 being on a common transverse axis. The forward arm of each bell crank is pivotally connected to the floor portion of the ejector 7 0 on a common transverse axis as indicated at a2. A pair of double acting single stage ejector operating jacks 94, one for each side of the vehicle, are pivotally connected at 96 to the main bowl frame and depend therefrom for pivotal connection at 98 to the rearward end of each of the respective bell crank guide links 88. The primary difference between this arrangement and that previously described is that the ejector jacks are not directly pivotally connected to the ejector 70 but to the guide levers or links 38 themselves to actually operate the ejector. Moreover, this arrangement has the advantage of not requiring relatively long multi-stage jacks thereby resulting in greater economy and a more compact arrangement. Otherwise, this embodiment will function in the manner previously described in moving the ejector 7e between the full and dotted line positions indicated.

In the embodiment of FIGURE 6, there is shown a pair of guide links ltltl of bell crank configuration, each of which is pivotally connected intermediate its ends at 102 to a bowl side wall 22 forming a part of the main bowl frame, the connections 1W2. being on a common transverse axis. The forward arm of each of the bell cranks or links 1% is pivotally connected to the floor portion 72. of the ejector on a common transverse axis indicated at 103. A pair of double acting multi-stage ejector operating jacks 1G4 are each pivotally connected as at 166 to an upper edge of the ejector and depend downwardly and forwardly for pivotal connection at M8 to the other upstanding end of the respective guide links 1M. This embodiment is similar to the first described in that the ejector operating jacks are again of the multi-stage variety, but differs from those previously described in that the jacks extend directly between the ejector and the guide links. Otherwise, the function of the ejection mechanism is the same as that previously described.

While three forms of the invention have been selected for an illustration thereof, other forms will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the embodiments shown in the drawings are merely for illustrative purpose and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention which is defined by the claims which follow.

I claim:

1. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a guide link pivotally connected to said frame and ejector plate, and operating means operatively connected to said ejector plate to pivot said bowl rear wall portion forwardly and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate said bowl floor portion rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

2. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal recriprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a guide link pivotally connected on rearward and forward transverse axes, respectively, to said frame and bowl floor portion, and operating means operatively connected to said ejector plate to pivot said bowl rear wall portion forwardly and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate said bowl floor portion rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

3. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section and including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a pair of guide links each of which is pivoted on transverse axes to said frame and bowl floor portion, and operating means operatively connected to said ejector plate to pivot said bowl rear wall portion forwardly and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate said bowl floor portion rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

4. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a guide link pivotally connected to said frame and ejector plate, and lifting means operatively connected to said ejector plate to pivot the latter forwardly about its connections to said guide link and side walls and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate the bowl fioor portion rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

5. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section and including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a pair of guide links each of which is pivoted on transvers axes to said frame and bowl floor portion, and operating means operatively connected to said ejector plate to lift and pivot the latter forwardly about its connections to said guide links and side walls and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate the bowl floor portion rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

6. The structure defined in claim 1 in which the ejector plate supporting means comprises a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base between said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, and means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base.

7. The structure defined in claim 2 in which the ejector plate supporting means comprises a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base between said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, and means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base.

8. The structure defined in claim 3 in which the ejector plate supporting means comprises a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base between said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, and means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base.

9. The structure defined in claim 4 in which the ejector plate supporting means comprises a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base between said side walls for longitudinal reciprocaton relative thereto, and means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base.

10. The structure defined in claim 5 in which the ejector plate supporting means comprises a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base between said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, and means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base.

11. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section and including a bowl floor portion and a bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base, a pair of guide links each of which is pivotally mounted on transverse axes to said frame and bowl floor portion, and operating means operatively connected to said ejector plate to pivot the latter forwardly and concurrently cause said guide link to pivot rearwardly about its frame pivot axis so as to reciprocate said cutting edge base rearwardly in said support means during ejection of a load from the bowl.

12. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement relative thereto, a guide link pivoted intermediate its ends on said bowl frame on a first axis and at one end of said ejector plate on a second axis, and operating means connected to the other end of said link to pivot the latter about said first axis to pivot said bowl rear wall portion forwardly while concurrently reciprocating said bowl floor portion rearwardly during ejection of the load from the bowl.

13. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement relative thereto, a pair of guide links each of which is pivoted intermediate its ends to said bowl frame on a first common transverse axis and at one forward end to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and operating means connected to the other end of each link to pivot the latter about said first axis to pivot said bowl rearward portion forwardly while concurrently reciprocating said bowl floor portion rearwardly during ejection of a load from the bowl.

14. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said floor bowl portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement of said ejector plate relative thereto, a guide link having a rearward end pivoted to said frame on a first transverse axis and a forward end pivoted to said bowl floor portion on a second transverse axis, and a fluid pressure operated jack having one end pivotally connected to said bowl rear wall portion and the other end thereof pivotally connected to said frame on said first transverse axis.

15. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement relative thereo. a pair of guide links each of which has a rearward end pivotally connected to said frame on a first common transverse axis and a forward end pivoted to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a fluid pressure operated jack having one end pivotally connected to said bowl rear wall portion above said second axis and extending rearwardly and downwardly for pivotal connection to said frame on said first axis.

16. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base, a pair of guide links each of which has a rearward end pivotally connected to said frame on a first common transverse axis and a forward end pivoted to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a fluid pressure operated jack having one end pivotally connected to said bowl rear wall portion above said second axis and extending rearward-1y and downwardly for pivotal connection to said frame on said first axis.

17. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement relative thereto, a pair of guide links each of which is pivoted intermediate its ends to said bowl frame on a first common 8 transverse axis and at one forward end to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a pair of fluid pressure operated jacks each having one end pivotally connected to said bowl frame and the other end pivotally connected to the other end of the respective links.

18. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section and including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base on said side Walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base, a pair of bell crank guide links ach of which is pivoted intermediate its ends to said bowl frame on a first common transverse axis and at one forward end to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a pair of fluid pressure operated jacks each having one end pivotally connected to said bowl frame and depending therefrom for pivotal connection to the other end of the respective links.

19. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, means supporting said bowl floor portion on said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation and concurrent pivotal movement relative thereto, a pair of guide links each of which is pivoted intermediate its ends to said bowl frame on a first common transverse axis and at one forward end to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a pair of fluid pressure operated jacks each having one end pivotally connected to the bowl rear wall portion and depending therefrom for pivotal connection respectively to the other ends of said links.

20. A scraper bowl comprising a transportable bowl frame including transversely spaced longitudinally extending side walls, a transversely extending ejector plate generally arcuately shaped in vertical cross section including a bowl floor portion and bowl rear wall portion upstanding therefrom, a transversely extending base for a cutting edge, means supporting said base On said side walls for longitudinal reciprocation relative thereto, means pivotally supporting the leading edge of said bowl floor portion on said base, a pair of bell crank guide links each of which is pivoted intermediate its ends to said bowl frame on a first common transverse axis and at one forward end to said bowl floor portion on a second common transverse axis, and a fluid pressure operated jack having one end pivotally connected to the bowl rear wall portion and depending therefrom for pivotal connection respectively to the other ends of said links.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,368,838 Reynolds Feb. 15, 1921 2,220,473 Brodersen Nov. 5, 1940 2,303,650 Low Dec. 1, 1942 2,368,196 Brodersen Jan. 30, 1945 2,773,320 Fryer et al, Dec. 11, 1956 

